- South Sudan – created in 2011
South Sudan gained its independence from Sudan in 2011 following a long civil war. The country has faced many challenges in its short existence including conflict and political instability. The country’s current president is Salva Kiir Mayardit who has been in power since its creation.
However, the country has not yet established a fully functioning government and faces ongoing challenges in building a stable and peaceful nation.
- Kosovo – created in 2008
Kosovo declared its independence from Serbia in 2008, following years of conflict and tensions over its status. The country’s creation has not been without controversy, as many countries still do not recognize its independence.
The current president of Kosovo is Vjosa Osmani, who took office in April 2021 following the resignation of the previous president. Kosovo continues to face challenges including political and economic instability, as well as unresolved tensions with Serbia.
- Montenegro – created in 2006
Montenegro gained its independence from Serbia in 2006 following a referendum. The country’s current president is Milo Đukanović who has been in power for much of its existence.
Montenegro has faced many challenges in building its economy and political stability, including corruption and organized crime.
- Timor-Leste (East Timor) – created in 2002
Timor-Leste gained its independence from Indonesia in 2002 following a long struggle for independence. The country’s current president is Francisco Guterres who has been in power since 2017.
Timor-Leste continues to face challenges in developing its economy and infrastructure, as well as addressing ongoing tensions between various political and social groups.
- Eritrea – created in 1993
Eritrea gained its independence from Ethiopia in 1993 following a long conflict. The country’s current president is Isaias Afwerki who has been in power since its creation. Eritrea has faced many challenges including political repression, human rights abuses, and economic stagnation.
The country is often criticized for its lack of democracy and repression of free speech and political dissent.