Fatima bint Muhammad Al-Fihriya Al-Qurashiya, known as Fatima al-Fihri, is celebrated for founding the University of Al-Qarawiyyin in Fez, Morocco, in 859 CE. This institution is recognized by UNESCO and the Guinness World Records as the oldest continuously operating university in the world.
Born into a wealthy family in Qayrawan (modern-day Tunisia), Fatima inherited considerable wealth after the deaths of her father and husband. Rather than leading a life of luxury, she dedicated her resources to establishing a mosque and educational institution to serve her community.
The founding of Al-Qarawiyyin was a monumental achievement in an era when formal education was scarce. Initially constructed as a mosque, it gradually evolved into a center for learning that attracted scholars from across the Islamic world.
Fatima’s vision was not limited to religious studies; she expanded the curriculum to include various subjects such as mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy, reflecting her commitment to comprehensive education.
Al-Qarawiyyin became renowned for its intellectual rigor and attracted notable scholars, including Maimonides and Ibn Khaldun. The university’s library, one of the oldest in the world, houses thousands of manuscripts that preserve invaluable knowledge from various fields. Fatima’s dedication to education was evident in her decision to offer all courses free of charge, ensuring accessibility for all students regardless of their background.
Despite facing challenges throughout history, including periods of decline during colonial rule, Al-Qarawiyyin has endured and adapted. It officially became a state university in 1963 and continues to operate today, maintaining traditional methods of teaching while also embracing modern academic practices.
The legacy of Fatima al-Fihri lives on through this institution, which remains a beacon of knowledge and enlightenment.
Fatima al-Fihri’s story is not just about founding a university; it symbolizes women’s empowerment and their vital role in education throughout history. Her contributions have inspired generations and serve as a reminder of the importance of education in fostering societal growth.
Today, Al-Qarawiyyin stands as a testament to her vision and commitment to learning, continuing to illuminate the path for future scholars.